Adhesive extruder for bookbinding machines



Nov. 24, 1953 R. E. 'FOGG ADHESIVE EXTRUDER FOR sooxsmnmc MACHINES Filed July 28, 1951 v 7 Sheets-Sheet 1 INVENTOR ROBERT E. FOGG qwizw u ATTORNEYS Nov. 24, 1953 R. E. FOGG 2,660,148

ADHESIVE EXTRUDER FOR BOOKBINDING MACHINES Filed July 28, 1951 7 Sheets-Sheet 2 73 FIG-2 71 73 9 56 as 110 11s a I as as 90 130 "7 1Z5 5? 94 95 INVENTOR ROBERT E. F066 ATTORNEYS BY r - Nov. 24, 1953 R. E. oss 2,660,148

ADHESIVE BXTRUDER FOR sooxsmnmc MACHINES Filed July 28, 1951 7 Sheets-Sheet 5 130 X "'l/IIIIIIMH". I

' 67 293 175 95 INVENTOR ROBERT E. F066 ATTORNEYS NOV. 24, 1953 7 FQGG 2,660,148

ADHESIVE EXTRUDER FOR BOOKBINDING MACHINES Filed July 23, 1951 7 Sheets-Sheet 4 FIG-9 1o 1 1m 172 33 I? r'z 6O 147 145 195 20366 FIG-11 W 'wmwuml m?! iiilllllllllli V mmtmlm l l l n:

- INVENTOR ROBERT E. FOGG ATTORNEYS Nov. 24, 1953 R. E. FOGG 2,660,148

ADHESIVE EXTRUDER FOR BOOKBINDING, MACHINES Filed July 28, 1951 7 Sheets-Sheet 6 FIG-29 INVENTOR ROBERT E. F066 ATTORNEYS Nov. 24, 1953 R; E. FOGG 2,660,148

ADHESIVE EXTRUDER FOR BOOKBINDING MACHINES Filed July 28, 1951 7 Sheets-Sheet 7 FIG-35 INVENTOR ROBERT E. F066 ATTORNEYS patented Nov, 24, 139 53 ADHESIVE EXTRUDER FOR BOOKBINDING MACHINES Robert E. Fogg, Dayton, Ohio, assignor to McCall Corporation, Dayton, Ohio, a corporation of Delaware Application July 28, 1951, Serial No. 239,093

(Cl. 11s-2) 21 Claims.

This invention relates to apparatus, for binding magazines, books and the like, and more particularly to apparatus for applying adhesive to the backs of successive magazines or books in a book binding machine. o a r A book binding operation of this character is commonly performed on a machine which includes a suitable conveyorfor carrying a series of successive books through successive work stations at which the adhesive and then the cover or otherbinding are applied, for. exampleas shownin United States Patents Nos. 1,248,252 and 1,867,803. In the case of magazines of substantial thickness composed of a plurality of,

signatures which may or may not be trimmed at the back into separate pages, such for example as the well known Readers Digest, the cover and adhesive may be relied on entirely to retain the signature and pages in an assembled relation, or the bindings may be reinforced with stitches or wire staples.

The arrangement of the adhesive on the backs of the books may be in one of a number of different forms. For example, in the so-called pen fect binding, a substantially even layer of adhesive is applied to the back edges of all the pages so the pages open along their back edge-s. In the case of a perfect binding on a paper bound book or magazine, the cover may be secured in place by the same layer of adhesive which forms the binding, in which event it will similarly open along the junctions of its back and sides. Alternatively, the adhesive may be applied both along the back of the book and also along a limited strip on both sides adjacent the back edge, in which case the cover will open along a crease spaced forwardly of the book from its back to form a hinged construction. Either type of bind ing may be reinforced with stitches or wire staples as desired.

In the so-called notch binding, the back of the book is provided with spaced notches to increase the amount of adhesive at the resulting spaced positions along the backbone, and in this type of binding the adhesive in the notches forms a hinge spaced forwardly of the back edge of the book along which the pages open. In this form of binding, the hinged cover arrangement is also employed in a paper bound book to provide effective concealment of the notches. Also in this type of binding, if the signatures are not fully trimmed, the adhesivemay be forced into the V-shaped spaces there-between along the back of the book to increase the strength of. the binding.

in all the above cases ;';rapid and accurately since the adhesives used for such purposes are relatively costly and a reduction of the adhesive thickness of only a few thousandths of an inch per book may result in an overall saving of many thousands of dollars on even a single issue of .a magazine having a monthly circulation measured in millions. The present invention is accordingly directed to the provision of apparatus for eifecting such controlled andmetered application of adhesive to successive books in binding operations of the above general character, and in par: ticular, it is a major object of the invention to provide apparatus for extruding adhesive into contact with the backs of successive books to be bound in which the appliedadhesive is accurately metered and controlled with respect to both the quantity thereof and to the area along the back of the book to which the adhesive is applied.

Another object of theinvention is to provide such apparatus which will apply the adhesive with uniformly controlled accuracy in accordance with the particular type of binding to be used, which I is readily adjustable to accommodate different lengths or widths of books and diiierent types of binding, and which may be readily installed on existing conventional book binding machines for operation in accurately coordinated therewith.

Additional objects of the invention are to pro vide such apparatus in which the adhesive isextruded under pressure against the backs of successive books traversing a work station to assure proper thickness and penetration of adhesive in the notches or other crevices in the backbones or the books, and also to provide such apparatus in which accurate control is efiected of the side edges of the applied glue line in accordance with whether or not the hinged type of cover binding is desired.

A further object of the invention is to provide such apparatus in which the application of adhesive is controlled intermittently in coordinated relationwith the movement of successive books through a work station, and a still further object chine.

Itis also an object of the invention to provide such apparatus wherein control of the adhesive relation supply to the work station for application is effected in coordinated relation with the main drive for the book binding machine in such manner that when the machine is shut off and is coasting to a stop, the adhesive supply is similarly shut off gradually to assure application of adhesive to all books traversing the work station before the machinehas completely ceased its forward travel.

Other objects and advantages of the invention will be apparent from the following. description, the accompanying drawings 'andthe'appended claims.

In the drawings- Fig. 1 is a schematic view'in the -nature of a perspective illustrating the general arrangement and operation of adhesive applying apparatus constructed in accordance with the invention for use with a thermoplastic adhesive;

Fig. 2 is a view in side elevation showing a part ofthe. adhesive supply system of theapparatus, including a part of the heater-reservoir, the pump unit and drive, and the supporting bracket;

Fig. 3 is a vertical view andvertical section through the heater-reservoir,.theview being in section approximately on. the .line 33 of Fig. 4;

.Fig.4 is a section on the line 4.- S of Fig. 3;

Fig. 5 is a sectional view of the pump. block taken on the line 5-5 of Fig.3;

Fig. 6 is a perspective view'of-the adhesive extruder unit of the apparatus;

Fig. 7 is a plan view, partly broken away, of the adhesive extruder unit;

Fig. 8 is a view of the extruder partly'in-side elevation and partly in section as-indicated by the line 88 of Fig. 7;

Fig. 9 is a section on the line 9-'- of Fig. 7;

Fig. 10 is a section on the line IBl0 of Fig. 9;

Fig. 11 is a section on the line llll of Fig. 9;

Fig. 1-2 is a fragmentary view taken on the line 9-9 of Fig. '7 but on a larger scaleand showing the rotary valve open;

Fig. 13 is a fragmentary view on the line l-3l3 of Fig. 12 showing the book traversing the extruder to receive adhesive therefrom for the application of a cover with the hinged type of binding;

Fig. 14 is a view showing the book'of Fig.13 with the cover applied;

Fig. 15-is a subassembly view'partly"in"plan and partly broken away showing the drive'for' the extruder of Fig.6;

Fig. 16 is an elevationalview looking from right to left in Fig. 15;

Fig. 17 is an enlarged'fragmentary section on the line l'|-ll of Fig. 16;

Fig. 18 is a detail View on' theline I8-l8 of Fig. 1'7;

Fig. 19 is an enlarged fragment ofFigJlG;

Figs. 20 to 26 are fragmentary views illustrating different types of bindings obtainable with the apparatus of the invention together with the modified constructions of the extruder forproducing such bindings;

Fig. 2'7 is a fragmentary view showing a; modified construction of rotary valve for applying the adhesive in successive strips across the backsof the books;

Fig. 28 is a fragmentary perspective'view illustrating diagrammatically an electrically'operated drive indexing the rotary valve which controls extrusion of adhesive through successiveopenand closed. positions;

Fig. 29 is a fragmentary-view in sideelevation showing several of the clamping units which 4 carry the books and also actuate the drive of Fig. 28;

Fig. 30 is a plan view of the clamping units illustrating the arrangement for actuation thereby of the drive of Fig. 28;

Figs. 31 and 32 are enlarged fragmentary views illustratingthe operation'of'thevalve of Fig. 28;

Fig. 33 is a view-similar to-Fig. 28 illustrating another type of valve and electrically operated drive therefor;

Fig.- 34-is: afr-agmentary section further illustrating the operation of the valve of Fig. 33;

Fig. 35 is a view partly in side elevation and partly-broken away-in section showing a modified'constructionof-extruder unit in accordance with the invention and :-Fig.-36 is a section on the line 36-46 of Fig. 35.

Referring to the drawings, which illustrate preferred embodiments of the invention, Fig. 1 shows in schematic outline the general arrangement and operation of the apparatus. The. successive books shown in dottedoutline at 59 are. carried by clamps 4| and-42 connected to form a continuous conveyor. The inner clamp member 42 carries rack teeth adjacent its upper edge adapted to be driven by a gear 43 on a shaft it which is in turn driven as indicated diagrammatically from the main drive motor 45 through. gears =15 and A1, representing the gear in the binding machine which drives the'mechanism for conveying successive covers into position for application to the books as the adhesive is applied thereto. As shown in detail in Fig. 13, the clamps ll-t2 support each book with a small portion along the back edge thereof projecting down- Wardly for application of the adhesive and cover.

The apparatus as shown in Fig. 1 is designed for use with a thermoplastic adhesive,-and the adhesive supply system accordingly includes a combined heater and reservoir which receives fresh adhesive by gravity flow at 5lfrom a main supply source 52 and cooperates'with the pumping unit to maintain the adhesive in circulating flow at the propertemperature for use. The pumping units include a pump block 55 cooperating with a pair of pumps 56 and 5'! to supply the molten adhesive under'pressure from the reservoir 50 to the extruder unit, which is indicated generally at 60, for application through the series of extrusion orifices 6| ito'the successive books as they are carried throughthis work station by the conveyor clamps.

The extruder'fiii includes ashuto'ff or flow con trol valve 64 and also a.rotary-va1ve.65 driven in timed relation with the clamp units and books to cause extrusion only while a .book is in position over the orifices 6| to. receive the adhesive, and a spinner or metering. roll .86 is mounted in the extruder unit beyond the orifices GI to remove excess adhesive from thesuccessive books into a trough 6?. Passages. are providedtbetween the pump block and the extruder'and also in the pump'block for cooperation with the pump to recirculate the adhesive to'the reservoir 50 during inoperative intervals of theextruder, as when no book is in position to receive the adhesive and valve 65 is closed, and also to'recirculate the excessadhesive from trough 5?.

The construction and operation of the reservoir and pump unit are shown in detail in Figs. 2 to 5. The reservoir 50 includes a shell 10 of aluminum or other good heat conducting material, and a pluralityof "electrical heating elements H are mounted in axially spaced circumferential grooves in the outer surface of shell I by means of clamps I2. '33 is provided for the reservoir, as well as a top '15 provided with a vent pipe 15 and an insulating cap it. The bottom I1 of the reservoir is mounted directly on the pump block and includes a bore l5 therethrough connecting directly with The bore 55 leads directly to the suction side of the pump 55, and the passage 82 from the discharge side of pump 55 connects directly with a passage 33 and tube 85 leading to the extruder 55. A cross passage 86 in pump block 55 is connected at approximately the middle of the pump block with the tube 88 for returning adhesive fromthe extruder when either of the valves 64 and 55 is closed, and a passage 90 leads from passage 85 through part 1! into the bottom of reservoir 55 for recirculating adhesive to the reservoir. A check valve 9| provides a direct connection from the discharge passage 82 to the passage 55 for recirculating the adhesive if tube 85 should be blocked, as when the device is starting up and all lines are not yet sufilciently heated for free flow of adhesive. A perforated tube 92 similar to tube 8| extends upwardly within the reservoir from the discharge side93 of pump 5'. to recirculate adhesive to the reservoirv close I to the heated shell ID. The suction side 94 of pump 51 is connected by a tube 95- with the trough 51 in the extruder, and the lower end of shell i5 is also provided with one or more drain ports 99 having suitable plugs as shown. A-check needle I55 is located at the opposite end of passage 85 from check valve 9| and is adjustable to provide a fixed orifice for admitting to passage 55 some of the return fiow of adhesive from the tube 88. I

The reservoir 55 and pump block 55 are carried by a bracket I05 adapted at I56 and IU'I for mounting directly on a conventional book binding machine such as the general type shown in the above noted patents. A heating unit III] and insulating layer 'III are inserted between the pump block 55 and bracket I05'to rnaintain the pump block atthe proper temperatureto maintain the thermoplastic'adhesive in fluid condi-f tion as it circulates therethroughn The bracket I55 also supports a'motor II2, shown a of the gear head type, for driving'the pumps 56 and 51,

An insulating housing which are shown as gear pumps for developing positive pressure in the'adhesive supply line. The drive shaft II5'for pump 51 is supported by bearings II5 in a block II! and carries a gear H5 meshing with a drive gear I 011 a shaft I2! connected as by a universal coupling I22 with the drive shaft of motor H2. The drive shaft I of pump 55 is similarly supported in the block I51 and carries a gear I24 meshing] with the drive gear I25 on shaft I2I. Thus in order to change the volume conditions in the adhesive supply line, it ismerelynecessa'ry to replace these four gear as required for the desired speed and delivery rate of the pump. It

should also be noted that if anon-thermoplastic adhesive is used, the heating elements may be dispensed with but the remainder ofthe pump and reservoir system will function'in the same manner.

65 are shown in detail in Figs. 6 to 13. The main.

body of the extruder is formed of side blocks I and I32, and a central block' I31 secured together and to the main supporting plate I33 located at one side of block I35 by bolts I34. The block I33 is fitted with suitable heaters indicated diagrammatically at I35 (Fig. 7), such as cartridge type electric heaters, for maintaining the extruder unit at the proper temperature for free flow of the thermoplastic adhesive. The supply line 88 from the pump block connects with a passage I59 (Fig. 11) in block I35 which leads into a bore containing the fiow control valve 65, and this passage is adapted to match a port I to the central bore MI in valve 65 in the open position of thelatter and another port I42 in the closed position of valve 54. The bore MI is provided witha relief valve I53 controlling the communication from bore M! to a pair of ports I 45 and I45 adapted to match a passage I45 in block I5I in the open and closed position of valves respectively, and the passage I45 is provided with a check valve I51 controlling communica- I tion with a passage I48 which in turn connects with the'return line 88to the pump block.

The rotary valve 55 operates in a chamber I55 in block I3I from which the orifices, 5I lead for extruding the adhesive, and it is formed with two lands I5I thereon adapted to open and close orificestl intermittently as the valve rotates as shown .inFigs. 9 and 12, the side edges of these 1. lands being beveled as shown to prevent abrupt opening and closing action. Adhesive is supplied to chamber I55 through a port I55 invalve' 54. and a flow passage I55 formed in the wall of block I35 for connecting with an annular passage I57 at one end of chamber I55. A similar annular passage I58 is formed at the opposite end of chamber. I55 in the wall of block I32 and is connectedby a flow passage I 60 with a port I6I opening into the interior of valve 54 on the low pressure side of check valve I53 for direct connection to the port I54.

Thus when both valves 54 and 55 are open, there will be a direct flow of adhesive from the pressure supply tube through the passage I35, port I40, bore I M, port I55 and passage I55 into the chamber I50 from which it will be extruded through the orifices 6| under the pressure developed by pump 56. When the valve 55 is closed, the adhesive will flow from one end of chamber I50 to the other end, and thence by way of fiow passage I60 and port I6! through the valve 55 to port I44 and passage I 56 to force open valve I41. for return flow through passage I58 and tube to the pump block. When the valve 55 is closed, the adhesive will enter bore I55 from passage I39 through port E52, forcing open the check valve I53 for return fiow to"the pump block by way of port I55, passage Hi5, check valve I41. and passage I48. circulation of the adhesive is assured to prevent possible setting up within the extruder, and in addition the valve 55 carries a pin I55 (Fig. 1.5) extending into the annular passages 55'? and 53 to maintain agitation of the adhesive therein.

The extruder 50 is provided with a pair of laterally adjustable guide plates H5 and iii (Figs. 7 and 10) which guide the successive books across the orifices 6! and at the same time cooperate with the block I3I to provide accurately metered control ofithe adhesive applied to the books.

Thus continued re- The guide plate I is bolted to side block I30 at I12 with its inner edge overhanging center block I3I as shown in Figs. 10 and 13 and forms the fixed guide. The guide plate III is adjustably mounted on block I32 by means of bolts I13 fitting in slots I'M- (Fig. 7) in the guide plate and provided with compression springs I15 (Fig. 8). Guide plate IlI includes flange portions I80 along its outer edge which are yieldably and adjustably secure-d to side block I32 by bolts I8I carrying springs I82, controlled by nuts I83, and flanges I15 also carry adjustable stop bolts I85 (Fig. 7) adapted to abut the outer face of block I32 to limit movement of guide plate I! I inwardly towards guide plate H0.

The bolts I3I and nuts I83 are adjustable as desired to change the position of guide plate i'II in accordance with the width of the particular books to be bound, it being noted that as guide plate I'II is thus adjusted, it will cover or expose certain of the orifices 61 as require-d to establish the correct feed of the adhesive for the particular width or thickness of the books. The springs I82 maintain guide plate I'II in pressure engagement with the book, and this has the dual effect or preventing leakage of adhesive upwardly on the outside of the books and also preventing possible flaring of the pages or signatures at the back of the book under pressure of the extruded adhesive. As shown in Figs. 6 and 7, the guide plates are beveled at their entering ends to lead successive books into the desired pressure engagement therebetween ahead of the orifices 8 I The extruder 60 is so mounted with relation to the remainder of the book binding machine that each successive book 40 initially rides in close relation with the upper surface of block I3 I Just ahead of the orifices 6|, block I3I is relieved by a predetermined small amount, indicated at I99 in Fig. 12, to provide a clearance below the bottom edge of the block for the adhesive to be applied in desired thickness, satisfactory results having been obtained with this clearance of the order of 0.012 inch. A similar clearance I9I is provided in the side blocks I30 and I32 (Fig. 13) but the guide plates I10 and Ill are formed as shown to fit within these relieved portions and thereby to seal against lateral spreading of theadhesive. However, the guide plates are shown as formed with longitudinal relieved portions I92 along their lower edges which provide for applying adhesive along the side edges of the book to form the hinge type of cover construction shown at I93 for the cover I94 in Fig. 14.

In addition to the clearance Iilil, the block I3I is cut away at I95 at a position spaced beyond the orifices SI to leave a land I96 just following the orifices 6!. For optimum results from the standpoint of efjciency and economy in adhesive application, the land I96 should be narrow in the direction of travel of the books thereacross, highly satisfactory results having been obtained with this dimension only approximately inch. With this construction, the adhesive is accurately metered onto the backs of the books immediately following its application thereto from the orifices GI, and any surplus adhesive is free to run down the relieved portion I95 to the trough 67. As a result, the thickness of the adhesive layer along the back of the book is maintained at the desired minimum effective thickness, and also the arrangement of the guide plates with their upper portions in pressure engagement with the'sides of the book provides accurately metered application of the adhesive along the side edges of the 8 booksilimited tothe proper area for the desired hinge type of binding, thus assuring that the adhesive will be applied in the proper amount and'in the correct areas while at the same time preventing spreading thereof to undesired areas such as would cause waste of adhesive as well as apossible sloppy binding.

The spinner 56 or metering roll is carried by a shaft 209 which extends through the plate I33 and supports the spinner above the trough 6'! for receiving the excess adhesive. The trough 5'! is welded to a plate 26I bolted to the plate I33 and forms a supporting bracket for a block 2&2 projecting laterally from plate I33. The spinner 66 is positioned with its upper surface in running contact with the relieved end portions 2&3 of guide plates Ill! and I'll, and the spinner rotates as shown by the arrow in Fig. 9 to meter excess adhesive from the books and also to clean the under side of the guide plates of adhesive traveling laterally thereon. The spinner is in turn cleaned by a doctor blade 2% which engages its surface and outer end as shown in Figs. 7 and 8 and which is carried by a bracket 206 adjustably mounted in a slot on the upper side of block 262 by means of bolts 28'! in slots 268 (Fig. 8) and is provided with an adjustable stop bolt 2 I 0.

It is important in the operation of the apparatus that the extrusion of the adhesive through orifices 5i be accurately coordinated with the travel of the books. Thus if extrusion should occur when there is no book aligned with orifices 6!, the result would be to provide a puddle of the adhesive between guides I10 and I'll in the path of the next approaching book, such that in all probability some of the adhesive would be smeared onto the end of the book with resulting waste and spoilage. Conversely, if the extrusion should not begin until after the leading end of the book had passed the orifices, part of the back of the book would receive no adhesive, and this in turn would cause incomplete binding. Accordingly, the rotary valve is initially designed in proper relation with the desired speed of operation so that each land iiiI will be of the proper angular extent to close the orifices 6| during the gap between successive books traveling past the orifices in the conveyor clamps, and a drive is provided which operates this valve in accurately coordinated relation with the moving books so that the orifices are opened precisely as the leading end of the book reaches them and are closed just as the trailing end of the book leaves them. In addition, provision is made for maintaining the valve closed in the event that one or more of the clamps should not have a book therein.

Referring to Figs. 1 and 15 to 19, the rotary valve. 65 is keyed to a shaft 226 journaled in the blocks I39 and I32 and connected at :22I with a shaft 222 carrying aflywheel 223, the connection 22I being provided with a suitable pressuretight seal unit indicated generally at 22A. The shaft 1222 is supported in a bracket 225 adapted to be secured by its supporting portion 225 to the book binding machine, and shaft 222 carries a gear 239 meshing with a gear 23! on the shaft 230 carrying spinner 66. The shaft 28% carries one member 235 of a one-way clutch driven through its complementary clutch member 235 by a sprocket 2% and chain 24! from a sprocket 2 32 on the shaft M which carries the gear as driving the book clamps 4I2, and these several gears and sprockets are so correlated that the valve 65 rotates in accurately timed relation with the clamps at such rate that it is in open a cent position only during the passage of each book across the orifices 6i. i

The clutch 235236 is actuated in coordinated relation with the conveying mechanism of the binding machine in such manner as to disengage in the event that there is no book in one or more of the clamps in order to retain valve 25 in closed position and prevent extrusion of adhesive. A lever 252 is pivoted on the machine at 25! and is provided with a spring 25:2.normally biasing it to the full line position shown in Figs. 16 and 17. The lever 259 is movable into the dotted line position shown in Figs. 16 and 17 in which its lower end is positioned in the path of a pin 2535 projecting from the clutch member 2-35 to act as a stop for clutch member 235 and thus for shafts 232 and 222 and the valve 65. Movement of the lever 252 to its stop position is eiiected automati cally in the event that one of the clamps M 4 2 should have no book therein. For example, the outer clamp member 2| may carry a roller 256 (Fig. '16) or other projection carried thereby as indicated at 257 in such manner as to move in and out with this clamp member depending upon whether or not this clamp carries a book. Thus if there is no book in the clamp, the roller 255 will move with clamp member ll to theright as viewed in Fig. 16 and will engage a pad .258 on lever 259 to shift the lever to its dotted line or stop position.

A detent 'pin 26%! (Fig. 19) is carried by a bracket 2st on the machine and cooperates with recesses 222 and 263 in a block 265 at the upper end of lever 252 arranged as shown to retain lever 252 either in its stop or release position until it is positively disengaged, and means are provided for eiiecting its disengagement and return to its release position in accurately coordinated relation with the moving books such that valve (55 will open just as the leading. end of the next book reaches the orifices 5|. A pin 212 is slidably mounted behind lever 25% in a shell 21! carried by aportion 222 of bracket 2:25 A hollow plunger 233 is also mounted in shell 21! with its outer end projecting therefrom, and a spring 212 is located between plunger 213 and pin 216. The plunger 2'53 is operated by a cam 215 carried by a hollow hub 215 secured as by a set screw 211 to the clutch member 235 and bolted at 218 to the sprocket 22-2, and the cam and sprocket 246 are bolted together at 219.

Thus if the lever 25! is moved to its stop position, it will be subsequently pushed back to its release position when the high spot of cam 2Y5 engages plunger 213, and in the initial adjustment of the apparatus, the cam and sprocket 242 are adjusted angularly in indexed relation with the clamps so that the lever 250 will be released just as the leading end of the next book reaches the orifices 6!, so that the valve 65 will resume rotation and open for properly timed extrusion of adhesive. This angular adjustment of the cam and sprocket is readily obtained'by providing arcuate slots in the sprocket through which the bolts 233 and 279 extend into the hub 2'16 and cam 2%. If there should be a gap of more than one clamp having no books therein, then the rollers 256 on the successive empty clamps will hold the lever 252 in its stop position against pin 222, in which event passage of the high point of the cam will depress plunger 213 against spring 22 5 without moving lever 25%.

- When the book binding machine is shut off, the flow control valve 64%- is closed to discontinue the supplyof adhesive to the valve chamber I 50 as previously described. However, since it will n=ormally require an interval of at least a few seconds for the conveyor clamps and other parts of the machine to coast to a full stop, provision is made for similarly causing gradual closing of valve 64 so that the adhesive flow is provided so long as any books are still in motion across the orifices 8 I. Referring to Figs. 1, 6 to 8 and 11, the valve 64 carries a pinion 285 located within a hollowedpassage in the inner wall of plate I33, the pinion 285 being provided with a thrust washer 225 bearing against a counterbore in the Wall of block I so, and a similar thrust washer 281 and nut 282 being provided to the outer end of the valve. The pinion 285 is operated by a rack 290 slidable in a guideway 29l formed in the wall of plate !33, and the rack is operated by an air 'cylinder292 carried by a bracket 293 extending from the end of plate I33.

The air pressure for cylinder 292 is supplied by a line 294 from a valve 295 (Fig. 1) shown as operated by a solenoid 293 connected with the main control switch 291 for the motor 25. With the valve and solenoid connected to supply air to cylinder 292 when the solenoid is deenergized, it will be seen that when the switch 291 is closed to stop motor d5, solenoid 296 will be deenergized so that air will be supplied to cylinder 292. This in-turn will cause rack 290 to move to the right as shown in Fig. 8 and thus to act through pinion 285 to close valve M, but the closing movement of the valve will be gradual instead of sudden, so that the supply of adhesive will begradually cut off as the machine coasts to a full stop.-

Figs. 20 to 2? illustrate modified constructions of the guide plates for the extruder and different types of cover bindings obtainable therewith. Thus in Fig. 20, the guide plates 300 and 3M are completely free of the relief shown at l SI for the guide plates HI] and I'll but are similar thereto in construction. This arrangement provides clearance at 302 only along the back edge of the book 40, so that in the bound book as shown in Fig. 21, there is a layer of adhesive 303 only along the back edge of the book, and thus the cover 305 opens directly along the back edges of the book without the hinge construction shown in Fig. 14.

In Fig. 22 the guide plates 3H3 and 3 have relief portions 3 I2 corresponding to the relief I 9!, 1 and in addition each has a relief 3l3 along its upper edge for receiving the wire staple 3I5 of a book 40 having aside wire binding. This construction of the guides provides a bound book as shown in Fig. 23 with the cover 3I6 having a hinged connection similar to that shown in Fig. 14. Fig. 24 shows a side wire binding including the staple 3I'I in which the hinge for the cover 3I8 is omitted. This type of binding can be obtained in the extruder by means of guide plates similar to the plates 3I0 and 3| I but having the relief portions 3l2 omitted while retaining the reliefs 3.! 3.

Fig. 25 illustrates the notch type of binding for a book 40a in which there are spaced notches 320 along. the backbone of the book into which the adhesive 32| penetrates. When this type of binding is used on a magazine, the cover 322 is normally applied by means of the hinged type of connection at 323 to conceal the notches. The notch type of binding is also applicable to a book 401) (Fig. 26) in which the signatures have notbeen trimmed, so that there are V-shaped spaces between adjacent signatures into which the adhesive 325 for thecover 32B penetrates, this type of binding being usable either with or without notches. The extruder of the invention is especially satisfactory for" these' typesof we bindings, sin'cetheapplication ofadhesive under pressure asdescribedassures that'it'will be forced-into the notches and gcrevi'ces to provide "therproperly uniform'layer for. optimumrstrength and smoothness.

Fig;: 27' showsa-rotary valve*33fl which-corresponds 1 to. the valve 55 but'is of modified constructionto cause the adhesive to be initially applied tothe books in-aiseries-ofr strips running transversely across-thebackof c the" book; As shown, the; valve330t is-formed with lands33l thereon which correspondwith the lands I 51; and additional shorterlands' 332" extendin radially spaced relation along the" valve; to provide similarly extending spaced grooves 333; With this construction; the grooves" 333 wil1"beafilled with adhesive under maintained pressureior extrusion through theorifices- 6 I as the valve rotates to bring each grooves-successively into:register with the orifices.- appliedto the" books in' transversely extending strips initially spacedfrom eachotherinthe direction of .travel "of-the books; buti-under "normal conditions; the: meteringwfictof the 1am I53 and the spinner 66 will smooth these strips out into a continuous layer."

Figs; 28- to -32 illustrate a modified construction of "rotary valve for-theextruder and an electrically'operateddrive"for'the valve whichis actuated in timedrrelation" the travel'of' th'e successive 'books'inthe book'carryingclamp' units of the bindingunachine'to supply adhesive: only when a. book: is: in proper position to receive it. The :valveflflflin'the' chamber- I56 is k'eyed'to a shaft" 3M and is" provided" if!" its outer surface with. a plurality of axially" arranged-' grooves 333 separated by landsfl345i' with each'of these grooves 343" being arranged to" receive adhesive under pressure from the annular passage I51 in'the-extruder: Thus-when" the valve 340-is in position such asshown in- Fig; 30 'iniwhich'one' ofthe grooves 3 i3iis registered -with the orifices *6 l adhesive" will ;be supplied ito -the orifices; and when the;valve:isindeXed'to-a position'which asshown in Fig; LWhen. one 10f the-lands '345is registered r with the orificesfil, the supply-of adhesive will'be cut 10ft."

The;drive ion-valve 340 includesa rack wheel 35!] 'fixedgon shaft't i l and provided with a spring biased lretaining'pawl '351. An arm 3521s =rotatably mounted'onshaft 341 andcarries apawltfit for 'advancingthe rack wheel 3'59; and-"the arm 352'is in turn shown as'operatedbyasolenoid-355 connected" by leads" 356 a with a control switch 351 having ;an operating arm 358 the-switch 35'! being of atype'adapted to close only when the arm 658 is depressed, and the stroke of solenoid 355 being'of the proper length to rotate-wheel 35! one "tooth. The switch 35-1 is mounted" .asrshown in Fig; 30" adjacent the pathiof travel of 5 the clamping units 360-46! which correspond to'the clamping members t i --42an'd are similarly .driventhrough thesrack teeth1362-A Eachof: these clampunits is shownras carrying a b'ooliwc; and each clamp is provided Wlthffii guide pin 353 :which supports the trailing end of the: book therein. The bars 365 represent a portion' ofthe 'conventional operating mechanism for the clamps,

Eachof the'clamping units 360 361 carries a pair of pins 7 3113' and '31 l i adapted to engage the switch arm 358 as shownin Fig.- 30; The rearward pm 310 on each clampis located in the same vertical planewith the pin363 to"correspond to the trailing-end of"the-book. The forward pin 37] oneach clamp'is providdwithan adjustable As aresult, theadhesivewilrbe mounting including'the screws3'l2 in slots 3l3'to provide for accurately aligning the pin 31! with the leading end of the book carried by the clamp, thisadjustment being made atthe start of a binding run in accordance with the length of the particular books to be bound. With the valve S it adjustedatthe start to its closed position shown in Fig 32; then-as the successive clamps and books pass through the work station at which the extruderiis located, the pins STU-43H on each successive" clamp will each actuate switch 351 through arm 35% to energize solenoid 355 momentarily and thus to move the arm 352 and to advancerack wheel 35%].

The'wheel 350 is properly selected sothat each strokeof solenoid 355 will move the valve 350 from closed to open position or vice versa as shown in Figs. 31 and 32, and accordingly the valve. will immediately 'be opened just as the leading end of each book tile reaches the orifices 6| to receivethe adhesive therefrom. The valve remainsopen untilthe book has substantially passed-the orifices, i. e. until the pin Elil reaches the;switcharm 358, whereupon the solenoid 355 will again be energized to move the valve to closed position. It will thus be seen that this drive arrangement provides accurate correlation-of the position of the valve with the positions of the successive-books traversing the work station so that adhesive is extruded only whenabook is in position'toreceive it.

Figs. 33and 34 show another former rotary valve and electrical drive which may be installed forop'eration in the same manner as described in connection withFig. 30. The valve 375has a single 'surfacepassage t'lfi'therein adapted to receive'adhesive from the passage I57, with the remainder'of the valve being cylindrically curved to close the orifices 5!. The valve3T5is carried by aishaft' 388 having a; drivenconnection. with a rotary solenoid 38! such that valve 375 will be oscillated in responseto energizing and deenergizingof solenoid 33!. For example; the solenoid may, be connected to oscillate an arm 3522 connectediby a' link 383 with awheel 38:3v on shaft 380, thus forming a crank connection for oscillating thevalve. The solenoid 38! is shown as controlled .by a switch 385havingan operating arm 386;

If the switch 385 is of a type such that it is closed and opened by successive actuations of the arm 386, it may be mountedisimilarly to switch 35? in Fig. ,30 for operationby the pins 370 and Eli on the clamps. The switch will then be opened to energize the solenoid and thus to rock valve 315 to open position just as the leading end of arbook reaches the orifices 6i, and the switch'will be closed to deenergize the solenoid and thus to closethe valve as the trailing end of the book leaves the orifices. If the switch. 385 is of the same type as described forswitch 351, then the switch can readily be mounted in such relation to the path of travel of the clamps as to be operated by the successive books themselves to assure proper correlation of the .opening and closing movements of the valve with the position of each successive book with relation to the orificesifil throughswhichithe adhesive is extruded Figs 35. and 36.show a somewhat simplified construction of extruder unit which may be found desirable in some installations embodying the invention and which operates to give similarly uniform and' highly economical application of adhesive' -insubstantiallythe same manner as already described for the other forms of the invention. This extruder is shown as constructed similarly to the extruder 69 with the main body thereof formed of a central block 400, front and rear side blocks 4M and-402 and a main supprting plate til -i corresponding to the plate I33. The central block #160 includes a chamber 40 corresponding to the chamber I50 and provided with discharge orifices 596 corresponding to the orifices ti, and the rotary valve 65 in chamber 205 is shown as of the same construction and mode of operation as described in connection with the other views. The guide plates Jill and ill correspondto the similarly numbered parts in the other views, and it will also be noted that the upper surface of the block 400 isprovided with a relieved portion 40'! and land 4% corresponding to the similar portions I95 and I96 as previously described.-

This extruder includes its own pump means for Supplying adhesive. under pressure to the chamber 4535. The center block MI] is cut away in its underside to receive a pair of cooperatingpump gears did having their shafts 4| I supported in bracket portions 552 of the side blocks MI and 402. The central block 400 is also cut away adjacent the pressure side of the gears M0 to form a discharge chamber M4 for receiving the output of the pump gears, and the chamber M4 is directly connected with the chamber M35 through the annular passages M5 in the inner face of blocks 4%! i and 402. A pressure relief valve. no is mounted as shown in the front block Mil and is connected with the passage M5 to control the maximum pressure in chamber M4, the valve having an outlet passage 42! shown as provided with a discharge tube 422.

In use, this extruder may be mounted directly on a glue pot 425 or. other container in such manner that the lower portions of the pump gears am will be received below the level of adhesive in the pot fOr proper pumping operation. The discharge tube 422 from the relief valve may then be arranged to discharge back into the pot 42-5, and similarly the unit may be mounted in such manner as shown that the pot 425 will receive directly the adhesive draining from the block ice and the spinner 36. It will thus beseen that this extruder constitutes in effect a complete and self -contained unit which can readily be installed in the same manner as shown for the extruder Bil and provided with appropriate drive connections as described for operating the pump gears and the valve 65 at the proper rate and in timed relation with the movements of the books to' be bound. The adhesive picked up by gears 4!!! is supplied to chambers tit and it-5 under desired maintained pressure, since if the pressure becomes excessive, valve szc will open for relief. It will also be apparent that if desired, heaters may be incorporated in this unit in a manner similar to that illustrated at I in Fig. '7.

It will accordingly be seen that the present invention provides apparatus for extruding adhesive onto the backs of books in a book binding machine which will operate to effect highly accurately controlled and metered application of the adhesive to the books for different types of bindings as desired. This apparatus therefore offers important advantages, from the standpoint of uniformity and high quality of the bindings obtained therewith, and at the same time it is outstanding fromthe standpoint of economy, since the con-' trolled and accurately metered application of the adhesive assures that no more than the proper required amount of adhesive will be used on each book and thus effectively minimizes waste; In addition, as pointed out, this apparatus does not require special book binding equipment but is readily adaptable to conventional book binding machines for operation in accurately timed relation with the travel of the successive books through the binding and other work stations on the machine.

While the forms of apparatus herein described constitute preferred embodiments of the invention, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to these precise forms of apparatus, and that changes may be made therein without departing from the scope of the invention which is defined in the appended claims.

What is claimed is:

1. Apparatus for applying a fluid adhesive to the backs of successive books in a book binding machine including means for conveying successive said books lengthwise through a Work station,

comprising means forming a reservoir for maintaining a quantity of said adhesive in fluid condition, means at said Work station forming a discharge orifice for said adhesive, means cooperating with said conveying means to guide the backs of successive said books into aligned relation with said orifice to receive adhesive therefrom progressively as said book moves past said orifice, means for conveying said fluid adhesive from said reservoir to said orifice under pressure for pressure discharge through said orifice into contact with said aligned backs of said books, said guiding means and said orifice being proportioned with respect to the width of said books to locate the entire width of the back of each said book in direct communication with said orifice in moving therepast; and yieldable means for maintaining said-guide means in pressure engagement with the sides of each said book adjacent the back'thereof to limit the area on said book to which said adhesive is applied while maintaining the entire width of the back of said book in direct communication with said orifice for uniform coating thereof with said adhesive.

2. Apparatus for applying a fluid adhesive to the backs of successive books in a book binding machine including means for conveying successive said books through a work station, comprising means forming a reservoir for maintaining a quantity of said adhesive in fluid condition, means at said work station forming a discharge orifice for said adhesive, means cooperating with said conveying means to guide the backs of successive said books into aligned relation with said orifice to receive adhesive therefrom, means for conveying said fluid adhesive from said reservoir to said orifice under pressure for pressure discharge through said orifice into, contact with said aligned backs of said books, means for maintaining said guide'means in pressure engagement with the sides of each said book adjacent the back thereof to limit the area on said book to which said adhesive is applied, and means operated in timed relation with said conveying means for intermittently interrupting the supply of adhesive to said orifice when no book is aligned with said orifice to prevent fiow of said adhesive into the path'of other portions of the outer surfaces of said books.

3. Apparatus for applying a fluid adhesive to the backs of successive books-in'a book binding machine-including meanscforconveying; successive said; books a through :a. workstation, comprising means: forming a reservoir." for maintaining; a quantity ,ofsaid adhesive in .fluid condition, means atisaid workstation lforming'a discharge orifice for. said adhesive, ,means cooperating with'said conveyingmeans to guidezthe backs of successive said-books into. aligned relation with said orifice to receiveadhesive therefrom, means including ,a positive discharge pump for conveying said fluid adhesive from said reservoir to said orifice under pressure for pressure'discharge throughsaid orifice into contact with. said aligned backs oi, said books, means for. maintaining saidv guide means inpressure engagement with thelsides of each said book adjacent the backthereof .to .limit the area on saidbookto which said. adhesiveis applied, means including a. valve operated in timed relation with said conveying means fonintermittently opening said orifice as each said book passes Said orifice and for closingsaidlorifice when no booktis aligned therewith, and means for recirculating saidadhesiveto said reservoir during the closed intervals of said valve.

4. Apparatus for applying a fluidadhesive to the backs of successive books ina book binding machine including means having a drive for conveying successive said books througha work station, comprising meansforminga" reservoir for maintaining a quantityjof said adhesive influid means'forimaintaining said guide means in pres-- sure. engagementwith the sides. of each said book adjacent the back thereofitolimit the'area onsaid book to whichsaid adhesive 'isiapplied, a valve controlling the supply of adhesive. to said M orifice, ,and'meansoperated in responseto discontinuance ofsaid drive-for efiecting'gradual closing of said :valveover a limited time interval corresponding to the timerequired for said .conveying means to reacha full stop providingfi'for completing application-of adhesive to all said books passing said orificeiollowing; said discontinuanceof said drive.

5.- Apparatus for: applying'afluid adhesive to thebacks ofsuccessivebooks in aibook binding machine including means for conveying successive said books through work station, compris ing means. forming a reservoir'for maintaining a quantity of said adhesive in fluid condition, means at said .work station forming-a discharge orifice for said adhesive, means cooperating with saidfconveying means to'guide the backs .of successive said books into aligned relation .withsaid orifice to receive adhe ive therefrom, means for conveying said fluid adhesive from said reservoir to said orifice underpressure'for'pressuredlscharge through said orifice into contact with said alignedbacks of said books, means for maintaining said guide means in pressure engagement with the sides'of each said book'adjacent'the back 'thereof to limit the area on saidbook'to which said adhesive is applied, means positioned in the path of "travel of said books beyond said orifice for metering excess adhesiverfromasaid books; and means for." recirculating saidfz excess adhesive: to: saidireservoir."

6,- Apparatus .-for applying awfiuid-adhesive .to thee-backs: of successive-v books in. a book. binding machine including imeans for conveying successive said books througha work station, comprisingmeans iformingga reservoir for maintaining-a quantityof saidadhesive in fluid condition, meansliat said work station forming a discharge orifice for said adhesive, means cooperating with said conveying means to..guide .the backsof successivesaid books into aligned relation. with said orificeto receive adhesivetherefrom, means for conveying saidfluid adhesive. from said reservoir toasaid. orifice-under= pressure for pressure dischargethrough.saidorificeintocontact with said aligned backsbfsaid books, means for maintaining saidl guide. means in pressure engagement withhtlie 7. sides ofieach saidbook adjacent the back.thereof.'tollimitthe area on said book to which said adhesive is applied, means includinga valve operated in timed relation with said conveying, means for intermittently opening said orifice as each saidibook passes said orifice and for closingsaidorifice when no book is aligned therewith, means for recirculating said adhesive to said'reservoir during "the closed intervals of said valve, means positioned in the path of travel of'saidbooks beyond said orifice for metering excess'adhesive from said books, and means for recirculatingjsaidexcess'adhesive to said reservoir.

'7; Apparatus for applying a fluid adhesive to thebacks'of successive booksin' a book binding machine including means for conveying successive said books through a workstation, comprising means forming'a reservoir for-maintaining a quantity of said adhesive in fluid condition, means at said work station forming a discharge orifice for said adhesive, means cooperating with said conveying'means to guide the backs of successive said books into aligned relation with said orifice to receive'adhesivetherefrom, means for'conveying saidfluid'adhesive from said reservoir to said orifi'ce underpressure for pressure discharge through said'orifice into contact with said'align'ed backs'of said books, means for maintaining said guide means inpressure engagement with the'sids of each said book adjacent the b'ackthereofto' limit'the area on said book to which said adhesiveis-applied, a valve controlling the supply -'of adhesive to said orifice and movable: between opentand closed positions, and means for operatingsaid valve :in'timed relaton with said: conveying means to 'open" said valve as theieading'endofeaclrsaid book reaches said orifice and .to close'saidivalve as the trailing end of 'eachsaidbook' leaves saidorifice for accurately controlled applicationlof adhesive to each said book;

8. Apparatus .forxa-pplying a fluid adhesive to the backs of successive-books inJla book binding ;ingi. said. guides means; in; pressure. engagement 17 w h he, sides o eeh sa hock ad a en the i e l mit th area sa d book t ap l ed a v l e control.-v e ve to sa d o ifice and a. e n r an l ed p sit on m ans per t a a d al m d re ation with ne e d of each sai bo k r ac a d o ind t c se a d va ve as. th rail n .end f id hook lea s. aid orifice, a d. m ns cpy said lamp n m ans for preventing H gz f sa d valve po the passa e-past said orifice of one of said clamping means having no boo the ein- Apparatus for applying a fluid adhesive to the backs of successive books in a book bindingmaoh-ine including means for conveying successiv said books through a work station, comprise ing earls forming a reservoir for maintaining a quantity of said adhesive in fluid condition, means at said work station forming an adhesive Qhdm-ber having ;a discharge orifice, a valve mounted for rotational movement in said chamher and including a surface portion adapted to s backs, of succes es ith ifi e ec ve adh si h re-,1 mean ,ior securing one of said guides in xed re e t nv th said er fie e n s e d: the ether as guide i laterally m ble r l on w th aid e ii e m an for nveyin fluid a he i e f m a es ir a d or fice, under pressure for pressure discharge throughisaidorifice into contact with said aligned backs or said booksreach said guide having a ,re.-, lieved; ,portio 1 ng the edge thereoi adjacent V f d means for biasing said movable g ide toward id fixe guide te n i he adja eent ,ees, f said guides in pressure engage-r th .thesidesoi each said book alongta line om the ha$ thereof and with said re: l -ieved portions o'fs d-guides cooperating toefieclt m H lic'ai n of adhesive along the sides of said book. di een't. the, bee r o a we l a the hee s, of, sa d heck Ap aratus ier a n a u dh ve to the backs of successive books in a book binding close said orifice, an inlet for adhesive at Jone-end said valve having a surface portion thereof relieved with respect to the wall of said chamber providing for pressure flow of said adhesive from said inlet to said orifice in the open position of said valve and for pressure flow of said adhesive from said inlet to said outlet in the closed position of said valve, and means for effecting rotationai movement of said valve in timed relation with said conveying means to move said valve to said open position thereof as the leading end of each said book reaches said orifice and to move said valve to said closed position thereof as the trailing end of each said book leaves said orifice.

1 0.. Apparatus-for applying a fluid adhesive to the backs of successive books in a book binding machine including means for conveying successive said books through a work station, comprising means forming a reservoir for maintain ng a'quantity of said adhesive in fluid condition, means at said work station forming a discharge orifice for said adhesive, a pair or guides cooperating with said conveying means to guide the backs of successive said books into aligned relation with said orifice to receive adhesive therefrom, means for securing one of said guides in fixed relation with said orifice, means supporting the other said guide in laterally movable relation with said orifice, means for conveying said fluid adhesive from said reservoir to said orifice under pressure for pressure discharge through said orifice into contact with said aligned backs of said beaks, and means for biasing said movable guide t, rds said fixed guide to maintain the adja-r c faces of said guides in pressure engagement sive s id oo s th o g wo stat n, c m rise ins. means s e m s a reservoi f m in nin a 'iguantity of said adhesive in fiuid condition, team, work sta on orm n a menace; ta sa d ad esiv a ai of ui e eeeraiiae it said convey n means t id the with said orifice, means supporting the other guide in '1 terall' movable relation with said QIi-s ying said fluid adhesive from a e i e en P e u e. er a disc arge through said orifice into con:

ess.

tact w th s, id alignd backs of said books,lmeans for biasing sai movable guide towards said fined 4 1 s the adjacent faces of said guides in ressure engagement with the sides of each l ekadiacent t e back thereof to the area on said book to which said adhesive is .Dlied, said .gnides extending for a substantial iiiei b 1 said er fie el'l s nr e at a'i est'en "b end a e e n, n erm', ed enee c nter w he n r de of ai g id s ng said roll for cooperation is: ends we e h la er of h s e 59 said back 115i Apparatus for extruding adhesive onto the back i cease ack in a b d n o eratic-Ii e' in f imam, body h n a mber the m adapted to be supplied with adhesive under-(pressure, said chamber having a discharge r e te d n hro gh n o e sur ace i s,, main bodv'ior discharge of said adhesive uhdernressur alve means pp rted by body for movement between positions respectively and closing said orifice, means on said surface said, bedy for guiding the backs oi siic essi s books into aligned relation with said I a d ash "1 separ te f xtr d n adhes e nto he 7? Paste l i su cessive beets n a binding 9pc v sa d k l ned. re e 7 19 comprising a main body having a chamber therein adapted to be supplied with adhesive under pressure, said chamber having a discharge orifice extending through an exposed surface of said main body for discharge of said adhesive under pressure, valve means supported by said body for movement between open positions respectively opening and closing said orifice, means on said surface of said body for guiding the backs of successive books into aligned relation with said orifice to receive adhesive therefrom, yieldable means for maintaining said guide means in pressure engagement with the sides of each said book adjacent the back thereof to limit the area on said book to which said adhesive is applied, and means operated in timed relation with said conveying means for intermittently shifting said valve means between said open and closed positions thereof to interrupt the supply of adhesive to said orifice when no book is aligned therewith.

15. Apparatus for extruding adhesive onto the backs of successive books in a binding operation comprising a main body having a chamber therein adapted to be supplied with adhesive under pressure, said chamber having a discharge orifice extending through an exposed surface of said main body for discharge of said adhesive under pressure, a valve supported for rotational movement within said chamber, said valve including a portion dimensioned to close the inner end of said orifice when aligned therewith and having another portion relieved with respect to the first named said portion and adapted when aligned with said orifice to provide passage for adhesive from said chamber to said orifice, means on said surface of said body for guiding the backs of successive books into aligned relation with the outer end of said orifice to receive adhesive therefrom, and means for maintaining said guide means in pressure engagement with the sides of each said book adjacent the back thereof to limit the area on said book to which said adhesive is applied.

16. Apparatus for extruding adhesive onto the backs of successive books in a binding operation comprising a main body having a chamber therein adapted to be supplied with adhesive under pressure, said chamber having a plurality of discharge orifices extending through an exposed surface of said main body for discharge of said adhesive under pressure, said orifices being relatively aligned transversely of the direction of travel of said books thereacross, valve means supported by said body for movement between positions respectively opening and closing said orifices, means on said surface of said body for guiding the backs of successive books into aligned relation with said orifices to receive adhesive therefrom, means for maintaining said guide means in pressure engagement with the sides of each said book adjacent the back thereof to limit the area on said book to which said adhesive is applied, and means for adjusting said guide means with respect to each other to vary the effective space therebetween in accordance with the thickness of the books to be bound, at least one of said guide means being movably secured to said body in position to close one or more of said orifices as said guide means are adjusted in accordance with the desired effective flow area of said orifices.

1'7. Apparatus for extruding adhesive onto the backs of successive books in a binding operation comprising a main body having a chamber therein adapted to be supplied with adhesive under pressure, said chamber having a discharge orifice extending through an exposed surface of said main body for discharge of said adhesive under pressure, valve means supported by said body for movement between positions respectively opening and closing said orifice, means on said surface of said body for guiding the backs of successive books into aligned relation with said orifice to receive adhesive therefrom, and pump means carried by said body and having the discharge side thereof connected with said chamber for supply ing adhesive under pressure to said chamber for discharge therefrom through said orifice.

18. Apparatus for extruding adhesive onto the backs of'successive books in a binding operation comprising a main body having a chamber therein adapted to be supplied with adhesive under pressure, said chamber having a discharge orifice extending through an exposed surface of said main body for discharge of said adhesive under pressure, valve means supported by said body for movement between positions respectively opening and closing said orifice, means on said surface of said body for guiding the backs of successive books into aligned relation with said orifice to receive adhesive therefrom, cooperating pump gears supported in said body, means connecting the discharge side of said pump gears with said chamber, and means for supporting said body with the lower portions of said pump gears received within a supply of fluid adhesive to cause said gears to convey said adhesive to said chamher under pressure for discharge therefrom through said orifice.

19. Apparatus for applying a fluid adhesive to the backs of successive books in a book binding machine including means for conveying successive said books through a work station, comprising means at said work station forming a dis charge orifice for said adhesive, means cooperating with said conveying means to guide the backs of successive said books into aligned relation with said orifice to receive adhesive therefrom, means forming a reservoir for maintaining a quantity of said adhesive in fiuid condition, a pump, means connecting the suction side of said pump with said reservoir, means connecting the discharge side of said pump with said work station for conveying said fiuid adhesive from said reservoir to said orifice under pressure for pressure discharge through said orifice, and means including a check valve for connecting the discharge side of said pump to said reservoir for recirculating said adhesive to said reservoir when said connection to said work station is closed.

20. Apparatus for applying a fluid adhesive to the backs of successive books in a book binding machine including means for conveying successive said books through a work station, comprising means at said work station forming a discharge orifice for said adhesive, means cooperating with said conveying means to guide the backs of successive said books into aligned relation with said orifice to receive adhesive therefrom, means forming a reservoir for maintaining a quantity of said adhesive in fluid condition, a pump, a pum block secured to said pump and to said reservoir, means forming a passage in said pump block connecting said reservoir with the suction side of said pump, means forming an outlet in said block from the discharge side of said pump adapted for connection to said work station for conveying said adhesive from said reservoir to said orifice under pressure for pressure discharge through said orifice, means forming another pas- 2i sage in said block connecting said outlet with the suction side of said pump, and a check valve normally closing said other passage and adapted to open for recirculating said adhesive to said reservoir upon interruption of said connection to said work station.

21. Apparatus for applying a fluid adhesive to the backs of successive books in a book binding machine including means for conveying successive said books through a work station, comprising means forming a reservoir for maintaining a quantity of said adhesive in fluid condition, means at said work station forming a discharge orifice for said adhesive, means cooperating with said conveying means to guide the backs of successive said books into aligned relation with said orifice to receive adhesive therefrom, means including a first pump for conveying said fluid adhesive from said reservoir to said orifice under pressure for pressure discharge through said orifice, a valve at said work station controlling the flow of said adhesive to said orifice, means forming a return connection from said work station to said reservoir for return flow of said adhesive to said reservoir for recirculation when said valve is closed, means at said work station for metering excess adhesive from said books, means including a second pump connected with said metering means and said reservoir for recirculating said excess adhesive to said reservoir, and means connecting said return connection with the suction side of said second pump for supplying to said second pump a portion of said return flow of adhesive when said valve is closed.

ROBERT E. FOGG.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 

